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As the army and navy pondered logical potential opponents, the United Kingdom came to the fore as the most dangerous potential enemy and took prominence in America’s first professionally developed war plans.

War planning allowed soldiers and sailors to apply theory to practical problems and thus improve their professional skills. 1 The plans that resulted from these efforts, among the US Navy’s first formal war planning exercises, represent a compromise between the new strategic vision of the American naval profession and a pragmatic understanding of the limitations of the US fleet.įormal war planning, along with the establishment of war colleges and professional journals, was a feature of professionalization of the US Army and Navy. In 1890, a small group of US naval professionals drew up plans for war in case of hostilities with the United Kingdom, and a few years later the Naval War College classes of 18, as their Problem in the Art of War, a new annual exercise, elaborated plans for war with the British.